Steam-boiler furnace



(No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

O. D. ORVIS.

STEAM BOILER FURNACE.

No. 521,863. i Patented June 26,1894.

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. 0. D.'ORVIS.

v STEAM BOILER. FURNACE.

0. 521,863. Patented June 26, 1394.

{No Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 3.

' 0. D. ORVIS.

.STBAMBOILER FURNACE.

Patented J11 N In) (No Model.)

5 Sheets-Sheet 4. .0. D. O'RVIS. STEAM BOILER PURNAGB.

Patented June 26, 1894 I a i i IIIIIIIII;IIAWA III,

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(No Model.)

Patented June 26,1894.

WOZ766636 Z6 to the lettersofreference marked thereon,

- represents the front plate of a steam boiler invented certain new anduseful Improve ments in Steam-Boiler Furnaces; and I do declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and explete combustion of the smoke,andin which tort being open along its under side to receive UNIT DSTATES PATENT I OFFICE.

oaE D. ORVIS, on CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

STEAM-BOILER FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 521,863, dated June 26,1894.

Application filed March 12, 1894- To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, OREL D.ORVIS, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled inthe art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, and

which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to down draft furnaces. Its object is to secure aconstruction whereby more perfect combustion of the fuel may be obtainedthan is practicable in furnaces of this class now in use; in which thefurnace may be fed below the down draft grate bars if desired; in whichprovision is made for comthe highest possible efficiency'in steamproduction is secured.

The invention consists in the use of two fire-boxes whose grate bars arewater pipes communicating with the boiler; a cylindrical retort lyingbetween the two fire-boxes and leading to the combustion chamber, suchre-v the products of combustion; and such other parts and arrangement ofparts as are hereinafter described. 1

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l,

furnace. Fig. 2, is a plan section on-the line 22 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3, isa verticallongitudinal section on the line 33 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4, is atransverse vertical section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5,is a plansection on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1. Figs. 6 and 7, are transversesections showing modified forms of a retort. Fig. 8, is a side elevationof, the pipe system of the section of the retort shown in Fig. 7. Fig.9, isa transverse vertical section through the grate bars showing theapplication of my invention to the Lancashire form of steam boilerfurnaces, and Fig. 10,.isa plan section on the line 10-l0 of Fig; 9.

The passage of the distilled vapors through the upper grate barsinvolves the loss at that point of much of their temperature, the barsSerial No. 503,300. (No model.)

being filled with water drawn from the boiler at its coolest point, andas a result it is difficult to maintain the combustion for the purposeof burning the carbon. By the use of a long retort through which thesevapors are passed after leaving .the fire-boxtheir tem-' perature isagain raised to the combustion point. The efliciency of this retort isincreased by the free use of fire-brick which speedily become heated toa high degree.

In the drawings I show at, A, the face plate of a steam boilerfurnace,the front end of the boiler extension being shown at, B.

Firing doors are represented at, a, a, and the ash pit doors at, a, a. Yi

The side walls of the fnrnaceare shown at, A, A, and a transverse wall,A cuts off the back endof the fire-boxes and extends to the crown sheetof the boiler.

The grate bars, 0, are water pipes and are set staggered, that is,alternate bars are at different elevations. These grate bars arelongitudinal with the fire-box and their rearward ends, 0, extenddownwardly and communicate with the cross head, D, which is fed by apipe,D, leading from the bottom of the boiler, B at its rearward end.The pipes, O, communicate at their forward ends with the cross-head,Efand pipes, e, 6, lead from this cross-head to the boiler entering itat 'a greater elevation than does the pipe, D, so that free circulationis insured through the pipes, C, and their steam generating capacitythereby augmented. Two sets of these grate bars are used and betweenthem extending from the front wall backward'ly through the wall, A is acylindrical retort Whose chamber is shown at, F, and which has anopening through its lower side. Fuel is thrown upon the grate bars, 0,through the doors, a, and these doors remain open to supply theair feed.The plane of the grates described is above the longitudinal opening inthe retort and hence the draft is downwardly and into the retort. I

A central flue, 0, extends backwardly below the retort from the frontwall of the furnace and is provided with a damper controlled openingleading thereto, 0. The flue, O, is

cal grate bars, P, P, and a roof plate, 0. A

deflecting plate,:Q, is set obliquely below and longitudinal with thegrate bars, C, extending from the floor of the furnace near the gratebars, P, P, to the side walls, A. Fuel falling through the upper sets ofgrate bars, 0, strikes upon the deflecting plates, Q, and is thrownagainst the grate bars, P. Air entering through the opening, 0, and theflue, O, keeps up the combustion of this fuel and consumes it. The ashesare readily worked through between the grate bars, P, and thence drawnout by the use of a hoe, the front end of the flue, 0, being closed by adoor,

The plate, 0, is provided with a longitudinal row of apertures intowhich are set short pipes, 71., open at both ends. A slide bar, R,having corresponding apertures is carried by suitable ways upon theunder surface of the plate, 0, and has alongitudinal movement, so thatits apertures may be caused to register with the lower ends of thepipes, 12 or the pipes may be closed by shifting the slide bar, R. Thisslide bar extends through the front plate A, of the furnace and ispivotally connected to a lever, 7, carried by a suitable hanger attachedto the front wall of the furnace, whereby it may be operated. I preferto flatten the upper end of the pipes, at, so that their openings are inthe form of slots, thereby guarding against the accidental entry of anycinders which might be too large to find their way through to the flue,O.

The pipes, n, are protected from the intense heat to which they wouldotherwise be exposed by being inclosed by fire-brick, as shown at, N.These fire-brick also serve as supports for two rows of brick as shownat, M, reaching to the under side of the retort and interposed betweenthe grate-bars and the retort opening. These fire brick, M, are spacedapart so as to permit the passage between them of the burning gases. Iprefer to place a third row of fire-brick transversely across the retortopening as shown at, K, these brick being similarly spaced apart.

The retort may be variously constructed, though preferably beingcylindrical in form,

, and having a longitudinal opening, g, at its under side andsubstantially through its entire length. This construction provides for,the free entry of the burning gases, and an ample flue, F, for theirpassage backwardly to the combustion chamber, but the precise form ofthe retort or the means of ingress to it are immaterial.

In Figs. 2, 3, 4:, 5, 9, and 10, the retort consists of a hollow shell,G, made of boilersteel, and supported at its forward end by the frontwall of the furnace, and at its rearward end by the transverse wall, A Awater leg, (1 leads from the cross-head, D, to the rearward end of theshell, G, entering it at its lower side. Discharge pipes g, lead fromthe forward end of the shell, G, to the pipes c, which communicate withthe upper part of the boiler, the pipes, g, communicating with theinterior of the shell near its upper side. By

senses" this arrangement of piping provision is made for the freecirculation of water through the shell and for the rapid generation ofsteam. The shell, G, may be lined with fire-brick, as shown at, H, formaintaining the high temperature of the burning gases, or, the shell, G,may be dispensed with entirely and the walls of the retort be composedof fire-brick as indicated at, I1, I1 In this construction the two rowsof fire-brick, K, serve the additional purpose of supports for theretort.

In Figs. 7 and 8,1 have shown pipes, 1, embedded in the walls of theretort and extending throughout its entire length, annular headers, z",i, being located at the rear and front of the retort, respectively, forfeeding and discharging these pipes.

Small pipes, 6', lead from the front end of the shell G, or from thefront header, t", through the face plate of the furnace, and are closedby the caps, e These pipes afford convenient access to the interior ofthe shell,

or header, for cleaning. At dad are shown hand openings to thecross-head, D, for the same purpose.

Lancashire boiler furnaces are provided with a longitudinal ash pit, S.In this form of furnace I therefore dispense with the flue, O, andconsequently with the form of gratebars, P, and the air supply used inconnection with it as already described,and place a set of grate-bars,q, horizontally over this ash pit. The deflecting plates Q, reach to thesides of this set of grate-bars and the fuel falling from the down draftgrates, is, conse quently, deposited upon them and burns directly belowthe opening of the retort. In this construction, as well as in thatpreviously described, new fuel may be fed directly to the lower grates,a very decided advantagein case of a sudden demand for-increased steampressure, and the resultant vapors willbe consumed as effectively aswhen the firing is limited to the upper grates.

I show in Fig. 10, the fines, b, b, forming a feature of the Lancashireboiler. The rearward end of the retort is directly in front of theseflues so that the flame is divided and enters both of them.

In the style of furnace shown in Fig. 3, a bridge wall, L, is locatedimmediately back of the retort for the purpose of carrying the burninggases up to the boiler, its general form being shown in dotted lines inFig. 4.

More or less fire-brick will be used in conjunction with the retortaccording to the kind of fuel intended to be used. A fuel rich in carbonwill necessitate the using of a liberal quantity of fire-brick in orderthat the temperature may be maintained and in this case the open brickwork as shown at, M, K, will be especially serviceable.

I claim-- 1. In a down draftfurnace the combination with a pair offire-boxes, of a chamber below the grates a tubular flue located betweenthe fireboxes and opening substantially through its entirev length, tothe chamber below the grates, and a wall closing the rearward end -ofsuch chamber, substantially as described vfire-boxes and leading fromthis chamber through said wall, substantially as described and for thepurpose specified.

3. In a steam boiler furnace the combination with upper and lowerfire-boxes, and with a wall for closing the rearward end thereof, of atubular flue leadingfrom the chamber betweenthe two sets of gratesthrough said wall, substantially as described and for the purposespecified.

4. The combination with a pair of down draft fire-boxes, an up draftfire-box below them, and with the wall, A for closing the rearward endof said boxes, of a retort flue located between the down draft boxes andleading from the chamber below them through the wall, A substantially asdescribed and for the purpose specified. 5. The combination with a steamboiler; of

.a down d'raftfurnace having its fire-box wall, A and service and returnpipes connecting such water shell with the boiler, substantially asdescribed and for the purpose 6. The combination with asteam boiler, of

" a furnace having two down draft fire-boxes,

a back wall, A, for closing such fire-boxes, a tubular water shell, orjacket, located between the fire-boxes and having its central chamberopened to the'chamber below the grates and to the combustion chamberback of the wall, A and service and return pipes connecting the waterjacket with the boiler, substantially as described and for the purposespecified.

7. The combination with a steam boiler, of a furnace having two downdraftfire-boxes, a back wall, A, for closing such fire-boxes, a tubularwater shell, or jacket, located between the fire-boxes and projectingthrough the wall, A, and having the rearward end of the central chamberopen and a longitudinal aperture for communication between its centralchamber and the chamber belowthe grates,

fire-bricks placed across the longitudinal aperture and spaced apart,and service and return water pipes connecting the water shell with theboiler, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

' out and opening to the intake aperture of the 8. The combination, in adown draft furnace, with the fire-box, a wall, A for closing the rearend of such fire-box, and with .a retort flue leading from the chamberbelow the grates, through the wall, A of an apertured wail offire-brick, M, located across the line of draft from the grates to theretort flue, substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

9. The combination in a down draft furnace, with the fire-box, a wall, Aclosing the rear end thereof, and with a retort flue leading from thechamber below the grates through the wall, A of air ducts leading fromwith retort flue, substantially as described and for the purposespecified.

10. In a steam boiler furnace the combination with down draft grates, ofinclined deflecting plates, Q, located below such grates and up draftgrates at the foot of such plates,- substantially as described and forthe purpose specified.

11. In a steam boiler furnace the combination with down draft grates,asolid wall, A at the rear of such grates, a retort flue at the side-ofsuch grates and leading from the chamber below them through the wall, Aof up draft grates below and at the side of the down draft grates, anddeflecting plates, Q, below the down draft grates and adapted to throwthe fuel falling therefrom in the direction of the vup draft grates,substantially as described and for the purpose specified.

12. In a steam boiler furnace the combination of a pair of down draft,and a pairof up draft, fire-boxes, a wall, A closing the rear end ofsuch boxes, a retort flue located between the down draft fire-boxes andopening to the fire-box chamber along its under side I00 and extendingthrough the wall, A a central air flue, 0, between the up draftfire-boxes, vertical grates forming the side walls of the air flue,deflecting plates, Q, below the down draft grates and adapted to conveythe fuel falling therefrom to the Vertical grates, air openings leadingupwardly from the air flue,

O, a damper for closing the air openings, series of fire-brick spacedapart and interposed between the grates and the intake aperture of theretort flue, and a series of fire-brick spaced apart and located acrosssuch intake aperture, substantially as described and 'for the purposespecified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in I I5 presence of twowitnesses.

"OREL D. ORVIS.

Witnesses:

LOUIS K. GILLsoN, M. H. L. WING.

